Table 1PICO table for ADHD review

QuestionQuestion 1Question 2Question 3
Population
  • Children <6 years of age
AND
  • Diagnosed with ADHD or at risk for ADHD or diagnosed with DBD (including ODD and CD by DSM)
  • ≥6 years of age (subjects <6 years are described in Question 1)
  • Diagnosed with ADHD by the DSM or ICD criteria that was in use at the time of the study or of the publication
  • No age limit for population
  • Diagnosed with or treated for ADHD
Intervention
  • Any pharmaceutical treatment
  • Any psychosocial, behavioral, or PBT treatment or combination treatment
  • Not including alternative treatments (e.g., diet, massage)
  • Any pharmaceutical treatment
  • Any psychosocial, behavioral, or PBT treatment or combination treatment
  • Not including alternative treatments
  • Any pharmaceutical treatment
  • Not including alternative treatments
Comparator/Design
  • Comparative studies (RCT, cohort, case/control)
  • Any drug, psychosocial, or behavioral treatment or combination treatment compared against placebo or any other of the above treatments
  • Not case series or case reports
  • Comparative studies (RCT, cohort, case/control)
  • Any drug, psychosocial, or behavioral treatment or combination treatment compared against placebo or any other of the above treatments
  • Not case series or case reports
AND
  • Combination of followup and treatment time is equal to or greater than 12 months
  • Descriptive statistics
Outcomes
  • Numerical or statistical results of any effectiveness or adverse event outcomes
  • Numerical or statistical results of any effectiveness or adverse event outcomes
  • Prevalence of ADHD diagnosis or treatment, analyzed by geography, time period, provider type, socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, family status, race/ethnicity, health insurance coverage)

Abbreviations: ADHD = Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, CD = Conduct Disorder, DSM = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ICD = International Classification of Diseases, ODD = Oppositional Defiant Disorder, PBT = parent behavior training; RCT = Randomized Controlled Trial

From: Methods

Cover of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Effectiveness of Treatment in At-Risk Preschoolers; Long-Term Effectiveness in All Ages; and Variability in Prevalence, Diagnosis, and Treatment [Internet].
Comparative Effectiveness Reviews, No. 44.
Charach A, Dashti B, Carson P, et al.
Copyright Notice

NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.