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HPGD 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 3248, updated on 2-Nov-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
HPGDprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenaseprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:5154
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000164120 MIM:601688; AllianceGenome:HGNC:5154
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PGDH; PGDH1; PHOAR1; 15-PGDH; SDR36C1
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the short-chain nonmetalloenzyme alcohol dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded enzyme is responsible for the metabolism of prostaglandins, which function in a variety of physiologic and cellular processes such as inflammation. Mutations in this gene result in primary autosomal recessive hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and cranioosteoarthropathy. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]
Expression
Biased expression in urinary bladder (RPKM 176.8), stomach (RPKM 67.9) and 11 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See HPGD in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
4q34.1
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (174490175..174522893, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (177829876..177862596, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (175411326..175444044, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377547 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 22164 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:175296498-175297056 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:175303725-175304372 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:175304373-175305019 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:175355573-175356194 Neighboring gene microRNA 4276 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9212 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:175440449-175440978 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105377548 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900870 Neighboring gene zinc finger protein 772 pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. UV radiation inhibits 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase levels in human skin: evidence of transcriptional suppression. Judson BL, et al. Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 2010 Sep. PMID 20643784, Free PMC Article
  2. Mutation in the HPGD gene encoding NAD+ dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase underlies isolated congenital nail clubbing (ICNC). Tariq M, et al. J Med Genet, 2009 Jan. PMID 18805827
  3. Suppression of invasive properties of colorectal carcinoma SW480 cells by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase gene. Li M, et al. Cancer Invest, 2008 Nov. PMID 19034772
  4. NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase regulates levels of bioactive lipids in non-small cell lung cancer. Hughes D, et al. Cancer Prev Res (Phila), 2008 Sep. PMID 19138967, Free PMC Article
  5. Homozygous mutations in the 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase gene in patients with primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Yüksel-Konuk B, et al. Rheumatol Int, 2009 Nov. PMID 19306095

See all (130) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Decidual Cells Block Inflammation-Mediated Inhibition of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase in Trophoblasts.
    Title: Decidual Cells Block Inflammation-Mediated Inhibition of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase in Trophoblasts.
  2. Reclassification of the HPGD p.Ala13Glu variant causing primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.
    Title: Reclassification of the HPGD p.Ala13Glu variant causing primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.
  3. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of 12 Chinese primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy patients with HPGD mutations.
    Title: Clinical and biochemical characteristics of 12 Chinese primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy patients with HPGD mutations.
  4. Epigenetic Silencing of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase by Histone Methyltransferase EHMT2/G9a in Cholangiocarcinoma.
    Title: Epigenetic Silencing of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase by Histone Methyltransferase EHMT2/G9a in Cholangiocarcinoma.
  5. Association between COX-2 and 15-PGDH polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility.
    Title: Association between COX-2 and 15-PGDH polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility.
  6. Inhibition of prostaglandin-degrading enzyme 15-PGDH rejuvenates aged muscle mass and strength.
    Title: Inhibition of prostaglandin-degrading enzyme 15-PGDH rejuvenates aged muscle mass and strength.
  7. miR-21-mediated regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in colon cancer.
    Title: miR-21-mediated regulation of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in colon cancer.
  8. our results suggested that the rs2555639 of 15-PDGH was associated with colo-rectal cancer metastasis and should lead to further studies to validate the association of rs2555639 with predisposition to colorectal cancer metastasis in other groups, as well as to investigate the bio-logical functions of rs2555639 in colorectal cancer development and metastasis
    Title: Single nucleotide polymorphism rs2555639 in 15-PGDH and colorectal cancer metastasis.
  9. Down-regulation of HPGD by miR-146b-3p promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration and anchorage-independent growth through activation of STAT3 and AKT pathways.
    Title: Down-regulation of HPGD by miR-146b-3p promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration and anchorage-independent growth through activation of STAT3 and AKT pathways.
  10. The data indicate that HPGD-mediated suppression is a tissue- and context-dependent suppressive mechanism used by Regulatory T cells to maintain adipose tissue homeostasis.
    Title: Enzymatic Activity of HPGD in Treg Cells Suppresses Tconv Cells to Maintain Adipose Tissue Homeostasis and Prevent Metabolic Dysfunction.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (96)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, primary, autosomal recessive, 1
MedGen: C4551679 OMIM: 259100 GeneReviews: Not available
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Isolated congenital digital clubbing
MedGen: C0345408 OMIM: 119900 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables NAD+ binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables prostaglandin E receptor activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in ductus arteriosus closure ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in female pregnancy IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in female pregnancy IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in kidney development IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in lipoxygenase pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of cell cycle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in ovulation ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in parturition IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of apoptotic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of prostaglandin catabolic process IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to estradiol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in response to ethanol IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in basolateral plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in cytosol NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)]
Names
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))
NAD+-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase
eicosanoid/docosanoid dehydrogenase
hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD)
prostaglandin dehydrogenase 1
short chain dehydrogenase/reductase family 36C member 1
NP_000851.2
NP_001139288.1
NP_001243230.1
NP_001243234.1
NP_001243235.1
NP_001243236.1
NP_001350503.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011689.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5154..37467
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000860.6 → NP_000851.2  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000851.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, AI435471, BC018986, DC420578
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3821.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B4DTA4, B4DU74, B4DV57, D3DP43, E7EV11, O00749, P15428, Q06F08, Q12998
    Related
    ENSP00000296522.6, ENST00000296522.11
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05323
    Location:6 → 254
    ADH_SDR_c_like; insect type alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-like, classical (c) SDRs

  2. NM_001145816.3 → NP_001139288.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001139288.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate exon in the 3' coding region resulting in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, AI435471, AK300940, BC018986, DC420578, X82460
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS54821.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15428
    Related
    ENSP00000296521.7, ENST00000296521.11
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd05323
    Location:6 → 168
    ADH_SDR_c_like; insect type alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH)-like, classical (c) SDRs

  3. NM_001256301.1 → NP_001243230.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001243230.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR and lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. These differences result in translation at a downstream start codon and an isoform (3) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 3 and 6 encode the same protein (isoform 3).
    Source sequence(s)
    AI435471, AK296642, BC018986
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58933.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15428
    Related
    ENSP00000422418.1, ENST00000510901.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl21454
    Location:1 → 133
    NADB_Rossmann; Rossmann-fold NAD(P)(+)-binding proteins

  4. NM_001256305.2 → NP_001243234.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 4

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001243234.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks two alternate exons in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift and early stop codon, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 4, which is shorter and contains a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, AI435471, AK058013, BC018986, DC420578, U63296
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58935.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15428
    Related
    ENSP00000443644.1, ENST00000542498.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl25409
    Location:6 → 143
    SDR; Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR)

  5. NM_001256306.2 → NP_001243235.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 5

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001243235.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks two alternate in-frame exons in the coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 5, which is shorter but contains the same N- and C-termini, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, AI435471, AK300125, BC018986
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58934.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15428
    Related
    ENSP00000398720.2, ENST00000422112.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl25409
    Location:6 → 186
    SDR; Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR)

  6. NM_001256307.2 → NP_001243236.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001243236.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks a 5' exon compared to variant 1. This variant represents translation initiation at a downstream AUG compared to variant 1; the 5'-most initiation codon, as used in variant 1, is associated with a weak Kozak sequence and a truncated ORF that would render the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). Leaky scanning may allow translation initiation at the downstream AUG, to encode an isoform (3) with a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1. Variants 3 and 6 encode the same protein (isoform 3).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, AI435471, AK300524, BC018986
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS58933.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P15428
    Related
    ENSP00000438017.1, ENST00000541923.5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl21454
    Location:1 → 133
    NADB_Rossmann; Rossmann-fold NAD(P)(+)-binding proteins

  7. NM_001363574.2 → NP_001350503.1  15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 6

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) differs in the 3' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (6) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC096751, BX396257
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS87280.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    E9PBZ2
    Related
    ENSP00000420892.1, ENST00000504433.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl25409
    Location:6 → 141
    SDR; Short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDR)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    174490175..174522893 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

RNA

  1. XR_938728.3 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    177829876..177862596 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

RNA

  1. XR_008486974.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P15428.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P15428

Gene LinkOut

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