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PRKAB2 protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5565, updated on 10-Dec-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PRKAB2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit beta 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9379
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000131791 MIM:602741; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9379
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit may be a positive regulator of AMPK activity. It is highly expressed in skeletal muscle and thus may have tissue-specific roles. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in duodenum (RPKM 16.7), liver (RPKM 11.0) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See PRKAB2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
1q21.1
Exon count:
9
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (147155106..147172470, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (147635939..147653299)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (146626685..146644049, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:146556258-146556861 Neighboring gene RNA, variant U1 small nuclear 8 Neighboring gene NBPF member 13, pseudogene Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr1:146633127-146634326 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1277 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1278 Neighboring gene protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1 like Neighboring gene flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 5 Neighboring gene chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 8 pseudogene 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Variant screening of PRKAB2, a type 2 diabetes mellitus susceptibility candidate gene on 1q in Pima Indians. Prochazka M, et al. Mol Cell Probes, 2002 Dec. PMID 12490143
  2. MiR-29b Alleviates High Glucose-induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Podocytes by Down-regulating PRKAB2. Du H, et al. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets, 2024. PMID 38204237, Free PMC Article
  3. Effects of thyroid state on AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase expression in muscle. Park SH, et al. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2002 Dec. PMID 12433937
  4. Sumoylation of AMPKβ2 subunit enhances AMP-activated protein kinase activity. Rubio T, et al. Mol Biol Cell, 2013 Jun. PMID 23552691, Free PMC Article
  5. Association study between variants of AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic and regulatory subunit genes with antipsychotic-induced weight gain. Souza RP, et al. J Psychiatr Res, 2012 Apr. PMID 22305490

See all (80) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. MiR-29b Alleviates High Glucose-induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Podocytes by Down-regulating PRKAB2.
    Title: MiR-29b Alleviates High Glucose-induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Podocytes by Down-regulating PRKAB2.
  2. AMPKbeta1 and AMPKbeta2 define an isoform-specific gene signature in human pluripotent stem cells, differentially mediating cardiac lineage specification.
    Title: AMPKβ1 and AMPKβ2 define an isoform-specific gene signature in human pluripotent stem cells, differentially mediating cardiac lineage specification.
  3. these data indicate that increased expression of AMPKbeta2 is an important feature of efficient adipogenesis.
    Title: AMP-activated protein kinase complexes containing the β2 regulatory subunit are up-regulated during and contribute to adipogenesis.
  4. AMP-activated protein kinase can be modulated by diverse ligands and by phosphorylation.
    Title: Conformational heterogeneity of the allosteric drug and metabolite (ADaM) site in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK).
  5. Sleep disturbances are one of the most common problems affecting individuals with psychiatric disorders. We show that AMPK is required for maintenance of proper sleep architecture and for sleep recovery following sleep deprivation. Neuronal AMPKbeta loss specifically leads to sleep fragmentation and causes dysregulation of genes believed to play a role in sleep homeostasis.
    Title: AMPK signaling linked to the schizophrenia-associated 1q21.1 deletion is required for neuronal and sleep maintenance.
  6. Sumoylation of AMPKbeta2 subunit enhances AMP-activated protein kinase activity.
    Title: Sumoylation of AMPKβ2 subunit enhances AMP-activated protein kinase activity.
  7. Data indicate that except AMPK-alpha1, expressions of the other five AMPK subunits -alpha2, -beta1, -beta2, -gamma1 and -gamma2 are significantly higher in ovarian carcinomas.
    Title: Over-expressions of AMPK subunits in ovarian carcinomas with significant clinical implications.
  8. Studies suggest insights into the regulation of AMPK, its diverse biological actions, and therapeutic potential in the heart.
    Title: AMP-activated protein kinase regulation and biological actions in the heart.
  9. results of this study demonistrated that the novel findings that intronic SNPs in the genes coding for the regulatory beta2(PRKAB2) of AMPK are associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder patients
    Title: Association study between variants of AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic and regulatory subunit genes with antipsychotic-induced weight gain.
  10. These results suggest that the modification introduced by the laforin-malin complex could affect the subcellular distribution of AMPK beta subunits.
    Title: The laforin-malin complex, involved in Lafora disease, promotes the incorporation of K63-linked ubiquitin chains into AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunits.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (16)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Tat tat Knockdown of SIRT1 by its inhibitor or siRNA results in Tat-mediated reduction of phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) PubMed
Vif vif Protein kinase A (PKA) binds and phosphorylates A3G at Thr32 in vitro and in vivo. This phosphorylation event reduces the binding of A3G to Vif and its subsequent ubiquitination and degradation PubMed
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr directly interacts with PKA and is phosphorylated at position Ser79 by PKA. PKA activity is necessary for virion-delivered Vpr cell cycle arrest PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC61468

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
contributes_to AMP-activated protein kinase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to nutrient levels NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in fatty acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
part_of nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2
Names
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase, beta-2 subunit
AMP-activated protein kinase beta 2 non-catalytic subunit
AMPK beta 2
AMPK beta-2 chain
AMPK subunit beta-2
protein kinase, AMP-activated, beta 2 non-catalytic subunit

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005399.5 → NP_005390.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005390.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes a functional protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC241584, BC053610, CA311731
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS925.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K9V5, B4DH06, O43741, Q5VXY0
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X5D2S2
    Related
    ENSP00000254101.3, ENST00000254101.4
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart01010
    Location:183 → 272
    AMPKBI; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit, interation domain
    pfam16561
    Location:77 → 159
    AMPK1_CBM; Glycogen recognition site of AMP-activated protein kinase

RNA

  1. NR_103870.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks two internal exons, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC241584, AK316183, BC053610, CA311731

  2. NR_103871.2 RNA Sequence

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC241584, AK294863, CA311731

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    147155106..147172470 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047424544.1 → XP_047280500.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X3

  2. XM_011509729.3 → XP_011508031.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X5D2S2
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart01010
    Location:183 → 247
    AMPKBI; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta subunit, interation domain
    pfam16561
    Location:78 → 161
    AMPK1_CBM; Glycogen recognition site of AMP-activated protein kinase

  3. XM_047424538.1 → XP_047280494.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8K9V5, B4DH06, O43741, Q5VXY0
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X5D2S2

  4. XM_047424539.1 → XP_047280495.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X5D2S2

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    147635939..147653299
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054337543.1 → XP_054193518.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    X5D2S2, X5D2Z8

  2. XM_054337544.1 → XP_054193519.1  5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2 isoform X5

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
O43741.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:O43741

Gene LinkOut

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