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    RFC4 replication factor C subunit 4 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5984, updated on 28-Oct-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    RFC4provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    replication factor C subunit 4provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9972
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000163918 MIM:102577; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9972
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    A1; RFC37
    Summary
    The elongation of primed DNA templates by DNA polymerase delta and DNA polymerase epsilon requires the accessory proteins proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and replication factor C (RFC). RFC, also named activator 1, is a protein complex consisting of five distinct subunits of 140, 40, 38, 37, and 36 kD. This gene encodes the 37 kD subunit. This subunit forms a core complex with the 36 and 40 kDa subunits. The core complex possesses DNA-dependent ATPase activity, which was found to be stimulated by PCNA in an in vitro system. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been reported. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 108.6), ovary (RPKM 88.0) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See RFC4 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3q27.3
    Exon count:
    11
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (186789900..186806482, complement)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (189611930..189628517, complement)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (186507689..186524271, complement)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A2 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 63 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, H/ACA box 4 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:186523827-186524438 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:186524439-186525050 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:186529516-186529618 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2043 Neighboring gene MCF2L2 pseudogene 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Studies of the cloned 37-kDa subunit of activator 1 (replication factor C) of HeLa cells. Chen M, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 1992 Jun 15. PMID 1351677, Free PMC Article
    2. Characterization of telomere-binding activity of replication factor C large subunit p140. Uchiumi F, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1999 May 10. PMID 10329413
    3. Sequential gene expression analysis of cervical malignant transformation identifies RFC4 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Zhang J, et al. BMC Med, 2022 Nov 9. PMID 36352434, Free PMC Article
    4. Levels of human replication factor C4, a clamp loader, correlate with tumor progression and predict the prognosis for colorectal cancer. Xiang J, et al. J Transl Med, 2014 Nov 19. PMID 25407051, Free PMC Article
    5. Genome-wide RNAi Screening Identifies RFC4 as a Factor That Mediates Radioresistance in Colorectal Cancer by Facilitating Nonhomologous End Joining Repair. Wang XC, et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2019 Jul 15. PMID 30979744

    See all (202) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Knockdown of RFC4 inhibits the cell proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
      Title: Knockdown of RFC4 inhibits the cell proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
    2. Sequential gene expression analysis of cervical malignant transformation identifies RFC4 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
      Title: Sequential gene expression analysis of cervical malignant transformation identifies RFC4 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker.
    3. The upregulated expression of RFC4 and GMPS mediated by DNA copy number alteration is associated with the early diagnosis and immune escape of ESCC based on a bioinformatic analysis.
      Title: The upregulated expression of RFC4 and GMPS mediated by DNA copy number alteration is associated with the early diagnosis and immune escape of ESCC based on a bioinformatic analysis.
    4. RFC4 promotes the progression and growth of Oral Tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vivo and vitro.
      Title: RFC4 promotes the progression and growth of Oral Tongue squamous cell carcinoma in vivo and vitro.
    5. An RFC4/Notch1 signaling feedback loop promotes NSCLC metastasis and stemness.
      Title: An RFC4/Notch1 signaling feedback loop promotes NSCLC metastasis and stemness.
    6. High RFC4 levels are associated with radioresistance.
      Title: Genome-wide RNAi Screening Identifies RFC4 as a Factor That Mediates Radioresistance in Colorectal Cancer by Facilitating Nonhomologous End Joining Repair.
    7. Expression level of RFC4 was up regulated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
      Title: Systematic identification of key genes and pathways in the development of invasive cervical cancer.
    8. RFC4 is frequently overexpressed in CRC, and is associated with tumor progression and worse survival outcome. This might be attributed to the regulation of CRC cell proliferation and cell cycle arrest by RFC4
      Title: Levels of human replication factor C4, a clamp loader, correlate with tumor progression and predict the prognosis for colorectal cancer.
    9. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Polymorphisms in the base excision repair pathway and graft-versus-host disease.
    10. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Genetic polymorphisms in 85 DNA repair genes and bladder cancer risk.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genetic associations for activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time, their gene expression profiles, and risk of coronary artery disease.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Genotypes

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat Expression of HIV-1 Tat downregulates the abundance of replication factor C, subunit 4 (RFC4, 37kDa) in the nucleoli of Jurkat T-cells PubMed
    tat HIV-1 Tat interacts with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme, which includes RFC, during Tat-mediated transactivation of the HIV-1 LTR PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC27291

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables ATP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ATP hydrolysis activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    contributes_to DNA clamp loader activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    contributes_to DNA clamp loader activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    contributes_to single-stranded DNA helicase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in DNA duplex unwinding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA repair IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in DNA-templated DNA replication IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of Ctf18 RFC-like complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of DNA replication factor C complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of DNA replication factor C complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of DNA replication factor C complex IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of Elg1 RFC-like complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleoplasm TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    replication factor C subunit 4
    Names
    A1 37 kDa subunit
    RF-C 37 kDa subunit
    RFC 37 kDa subunit
    activator 1 37 kDa subunit
    activator 1 subunit 4
    replication factor C (activator 1) 4, 37kDa
    replication factor C 37 kDa subunit

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_002916.5 → NP_002907.1  replication factor C subunit 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002907.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 2. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA521171, AC112907, BC017452, DA359927
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3283.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DM41, D3DNV2, P35249, Q6FHX7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JZI1
      Related
      ENSP00000296273.2, ENST00000296273.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl25702
      Location:39 → 353
      Rad17; Rad17 cell cycle checkpoint protein

    2. NM_181573.3 → NP_853551.1  replication factor C subunit 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_853551.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA521171, AC112907, CX788139
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3283.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B4DM41, D3DNV2, P35249, Q6FHX7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C9JZI1
      Related
      ENSP00000376272.2, ENST00000392481.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl25702
      Location:39 → 353
      Rad17; Rad17 cell cycle checkpoint protein

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      186789900..186806482 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      189611930..189628517 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P35249.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P35249

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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