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GTR Home > Conditions/Phenotypes > Acrocephalosyndactyly type I

Acrocephalosyndactyly type I

Synonyms
ACS 1; Acrocephalo-syndactyly type 1; Apert syndrome; Syndactylic oxycephaly
Modes of inheritance
Autosomal dominant inheritance (Orphanet)

Summary

Apert syndrome is characterized by the presence of multisuture craniosynostosis, midface retrusion, and syndactyly of the hands with fusion of the second through fourth nails. Almost all affected individuals have coronal craniosynostosis, and a majority also have involvement of the sagittal and lambdoid sutures. The midface in Apert syndrome is underdeveloped as well as retruded; a subset of affected individuals have cleft palate. The hand in Apert syndrome always includes fusion of the middle three digits; the thumb and fifth finger are sometimes also involved. Feeding issues, dental abnormalities, hearing loss, hyperhidrosis, and progressive synostosis of multiple bones (skull, hands, feet, carpus, tarsus, and cervical vertebrae) are also common. Multilevel airway obstruction may be present and can be due to narrowing of the nasal passages, tongue-based airway obstruction, and/or tracheal anomalies. Nonprogressive ventriculomegaly is present in a majority of individuals, with a small subset having true hydrocephalus. Most individuals with Apert syndrome have normal intelligence or mild intellectual disability; moderate-to-severe intellectual disability has been reported in some individuals. A minority of affected individuals have structural cardiac abnormalities, true gastrointestinal malformations, and anomalies of the genitourinary tract. [from GeneReviews]

Available tests

60 tests are in the database for this condition.

Check Related conditions for additional relevant tests.

Clinical tests (60 available)

Molecular Genetics Tests

Genes See tests for all associated and related genes

  • Also known as: BBDS, BEK, BFR-1, CD332, CEK3, CFD1, ECT1, JWS, K-SAM, KGFR, TK14, TK25, FGFR2
    Summary: fibroblast growth factor receptor 2

Clinical features

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Imported from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)

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