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Cerebral infarction

MedGen UID:
3321
•Concept ID:
C0007785
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Cerebral infarct
SNOMED CT: Cerebral infarction (432504007)
 
HPO: HP:0025722
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0002679
OMIM®: 601367

Definition

A necrotic lesion in the cerebrum resulting from a sudden insufficiency of arterial or venous blood supply due to emboli, thrombi or mechanical factors. [from HPO]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pathophysiology and Optimal Treatment of Intracranial Branch Atheromatous Disease.
Deguchi I, Takahashi S
J Atheroscler Thromb 2023 Jul 1;30(7):701-709. Epub 2023 May 13 doi: 10.5551/jat.RV22003. PMID: 37183021Free PMC Article
Neuronal injuries in cerebral infarction and ischemic stroke: From mechanisms to treatment (Review).
Zhao Y, Zhang X, Chen X, Wei Y
Int J Mol Med 2022 Feb;49(2) Epub 2021 Dec 8 doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5070. PMID: 34878154Free PMC Article
Scientific Rationale for the Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Intravenous Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.
Demaerschalk BM, Kleindorfer DO, Adeoye OM, Demchuk AM, Fugate JE, Grotta JC, Khalessi AA, Levy EI, Palesch YY, Prabhakaran S, Saposnik G, Saver JL, Smith EE; American Heart Association Stroke Council and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention
Stroke 2016 Feb;47(2):581-641. Epub 2015 Dec 22 doi: 10.1161/STR.0000000000000086. PMID: 26696642

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Postprandial cerebral infarction.
Ikenouchi H, Yoshimoto T, Ihara M
J Clin Neurosci 2021 Dec;94:38-40. Epub 2021 Oct 6 doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.09.034. PMID: 34863460
Overt and incomplete (silent) cerebral infarction in sickle cell anemia: diagnosis and management.
Wong WY, Powars DR
Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2005 Oct;19(5):839-55, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2005.07.006. PMID: 16214647
Fetal and neonatal cerebral infarcts.
Marret S, Lardennois C, Mercier A, Radi S, Michel C, Vanhulle C, Charollais A, Gressens P
Biol Neonate 2001;79(3-4):236-40. doi: 10.1159/000047098. PMID: 11275658
Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction.
Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C
Lancet 1991 Jun 22;337(8756):1521-6. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)93206-o. PMID: 1675378
Identification and entry of the patient with acute cerebral infarction.
Barsan WG, Brott TG, Olinger CP, Adams HP Jr, Haley EC Jr, Levy DE
Ann Emerg Med 1988 Nov;17(11):1192-5. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(88)80067-2. PMID: 3142316

Diagnosis

Anterior choroidal artery infarction.
Nadaf S, Chakor RT, Kothari KV, Patel BA
BMJ Case Rep 2018 Jan 18;2018 doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-222414. PMID: 29351937Free PMC Article
Cerebral venous infarction: the pathophysiological concept.
Schaller B, Graf R
Cerebrovasc Dis 2004;18(3):179-88. Epub 2004 Jul 22 doi: 10.1159/000079939. PMID: 15273432
Fetal and neonatal cerebral infarcts.
Marret S, Lardennois C, Mercier A, Radi S, Michel C, Vanhulle C, Charollais A, Gressens P
Biol Neonate 2001;79(3-4):236-40. doi: 10.1159/000047098. PMID: 11275658
Neonatal cerebral infarction.
Miller V
Semin Pediatr Neurol 2000 Dec;7(4):278-88. doi: 10.1053/spen.2000.20076. PMID: 11205717
Computed tomography.
Zappoli F, Lavaroni A, Leonardi M
Eur Neurol 1989;29 Suppl 2:30-2. doi: 10.1159/000116463. PMID: 2693098

Therapy

Effectiveness of Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drain Among Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Wolf S, Mielke D, Barner C, Malinova V, Kerz T, Wostrack M, Czorlich P, Salih F, Engel DC, Ehlert A, Staykov D, Alturki AY, Sure U, Bardutzky J, Schroeder HWS, Schürer L, Beck J, Juratli TA, Fritsch M, Lemcke J, Pohrt A, Meyer B, Schwab S, Rohde V, Vajkoczy P; EARLYDRAIN Study Group
JAMA Neurol 2023 Aug 1;80(8):833-842. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1792. PMID: 37330974Free PMC Article
A Comparison Between Enteral and Intravenous Nimodipine in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Geraldini F, De Cassai A, Diana P, Correale C, Boscolo A, Zampirollo S, Disarò L, Carere A, Cacco N, Navalesi P, Munari M
Neurocrit Care 2022 Jun;36(3):1071-1079. Epub 2022 Apr 13 doi: 10.1007/s12028-022-01493-4. PMID: 35419702
Corticosteroids for acute ischaemic stroke.
Sandercock PA, Soane T
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011 Sep 7;2011(9):CD000064. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000064.pub2. PMID: 21901674Free PMC Article
Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study.
JAMA 1995 May 10;273(18):1421-8. PMID: 7723155
Classification of subtype of acute ischemic stroke. Definitions for use in a multicenter clinical trial. TOAST. Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment.
Adams HP Jr, Bendixen BH, Kappelle LJ, Biller J, Love BB, Gordon DL, Marsh EE 3rd
Stroke 1993 Jan;24(1):35-41. doi: 10.1161/01.str.24.1.35. PMID: 7678184

Prognosis

Association of glycemic variability with death and severe consciousness disturbance among critically ill patients with cerebrovascular disease: analysis of the MIMIC-IV database.
Cai W, Li Y, Guo K, Wu X, Chen C, Lin X
Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023 Nov 16;22(1):315. doi: 10.1186/s12933-023-02048-3. PMID: 37974159Free PMC Article
Targeting Hemoglobin to Reduce Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Zeineddine HA, Honarpisheh P, McBride D, Pandit PKT, Dienel A, Hong SH, Grotta J, Blackburn S
Transl Stroke Res 2022 Oct;13(5):725-735. Epub 2022 Feb 14 doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-00995-9. PMID: 35157256Free PMC Article
Incidence rate of stroke in Peru.
Bernabé-Ortiz A, Carrillo-Larco RM
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 2021 Jul-Sep;38(3):399-405. Epub 2021 Dec 20 doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2021.383.7804. PMID: 34932741Free PMC Article
High-dose versus standard-dose twice-daily thoracic radiotherapy for patients with limited stage small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.
Grønberg BH, Killingberg KT, Fløtten Ø, Brustugun OT, Hornslien K, Madebo T, Langer SW, Schytte T, Nyman J, Risum S, Tsakonas G, Engleson J, Halvorsen TO
Lancet Oncol 2021 Mar;22(3):321-331. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30742-7. PMID: 33662285
Classification and natural history of clinically identifiable subtypes of cerebral infarction.
Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C
Lancet 1991 Jun 22;337(8756):1521-6. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)93206-o. PMID: 1675378

Clinical prediction guides

ERASER.
Fiehler J, Thomalla G, Bernhardt M, Kniep H, Berlis A, Dorn F, Eckert B, Kemmling A, Langner S, Remonda L, Reith W, Rohde S, Möhlenbruch M, Bendszus M, Forkert ND, Gellissen S
Stroke 2019 May;50(5):1275-1278. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.024858. PMID: 31009356
Machine Learning-Based Model for Prediction of Outcomes in Acute Stroke.
Heo J, Yoon JG, Park H, Kim YD, Nam HS, Heo JH
Stroke 2019 May;50(5):1263-1265. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.024293. PMID: 30890116
Silent cerebral infarcts associated with cardiac disease and procedures.
Hassell ME, Nijveldt R, Roos YB, Majoie CB, Hamon M, Piek JJ, Delewi R
Nat Rev Cardiol 2013 Dec;10(12):696-706. Epub 2013 Oct 29 doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2013.162. PMID: 24165909
Use of the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for assessing CT scans in patients with acute stroke.
Pexman JH, Barber PA, Hill MD, Sevick RJ, Demchuk AM, Hudon ME, Hu WY, Buchan AM
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001 Sep;22(8):1534-42. PMID: 11559501Free PMC Article
Reliability of hemorrhagic transformation diagnosis in acute ischemic stroke.
Motto C, Aritzu E, Boccardi E, De Grandi C, Piana A, Candelise L
Stroke 1997 Feb;28(2):302-6. doi: 10.1161/01.str.28.2.302. PMID: 9040679

Recent systematic reviews

Comment on the 2023 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.
Spears WE, Greer DM, Nguyen TN
Stroke 2023 Oct;54(10):2708-2712. Epub 2023 Aug 15 doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.043541. PMID: 37581267
Efficacy and Safety of Clazosentan After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Updated Meta-Analysis.
Pontes JPM, Santos MDC, Gibram FC, Rodrigues NMV, Cavalcante-Neto JF, Barros ADM, Solla DJF
Neurosurgery 2023 Dec 1;93(6):1208-1219. Epub 2023 Jul 18 doi: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002601. PMID: 37462365
Collateral Flow in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease.
Leng X, Leung TW
Transl Stroke Res 2023 Feb;14(1):38-52. Epub 2022 Jun 8 doi: 10.1007/s12975-022-01042-3. PMID: 35672561
A systematic review of the research progress of non-coding RNA in neuroinflammation and immune regulation in cerebral infarction/ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Yang K, Zeng L, Ge A, Wang S, Zeng J, Yuan X, Mei Z, Wang G, Ge J
Front Immunol 2022;13:930171. Epub 2022 Oct 7 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.930171. PMID: 36275741Free PMC Article
A Comparison Between Enteral and Intravenous Nimodipine in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.
Geraldini F, De Cassai A, Diana P, Correale C, Boscolo A, Zampirollo S, Disarò L, Carere A, Cacco N, Navalesi P, Munari M
Neurocrit Care 2022 Jun;36(3):1071-1079. Epub 2022 Apr 13 doi: 10.1007/s12028-022-01493-4. PMID: 35419702

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