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Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 6(HPS6)

MedGen UID:
854714
Concept ID:
C3888007
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: HPS6
 
Gene (location): HPS6 (10q24.32)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0013558
OMIM®: 614075

Disease characteristics

Excerpted from the GeneReview: Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, a bleeding diathesis, and, in some individuals, pulmonary fibrosis, granulomatous colitis, and/or immunodeficiency. Ocular findings include nystagmus, reduced iris pigment, reduced retinal pigment, foveal hypoplasia with significant reduction in visual acuity (usually in the range of 20/50 to 20/400), and strabismus in many individuals. Hair color ranges from white to brown; skin color ranges from white to olive and is usually at least a shade lighter than that of other family members. The bleeding diathesis can result in variable degrees of bruising, epistaxis, gingival bleeding, postpartum hemorrhage, colonic bleeding, and prolonged bleeding with menses or after tooth extraction, circumcision, and/or other surgeries. Pulmonary fibrosis, colitis, and/or neutropenia have been reported in individuals with pathogenic variants in some HPS-related genes. Pulmonary fibrosis, a restrictive lung disease, typically causes symptoms in the early 30s and can progress to death within a decade. Granulomatous colitis is severe in about 15% of affected individuals. Neutropenia and/or immune defects occur primarily in individuals with pathogenic variants in AP3B1 and AP3D1. [from GeneReviews]
Authors:
Wendy J Introne  |  Marjan Huizing  |  May Christine V Malicdan, et. al.   view full author information

Additional description

From OMIM
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome-6 (HPS6) is characterized by a presentation of oculocutaneous albinism and bleeding diathesis. Nystagmus is usually present and bleeding problems may be mild (Zhang et al., 2003, Schreyer-Shafir et al., 2006). For a phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, see HPS1 (203300).  http://www.omim.org/entry/614075

Clinical features

From HPO
Bowel incontinence
MedGen UID:
41977
Concept ID:
C0015732
Disease or Syndrome
Involuntary fecal soiling in adults and children who have usually already been toilet trained.
Urinary incontinence
MedGen UID:
22579
Concept ID:
C0042024
Finding
Loss of the ability to control the urinary bladder leading to involuntary urination.
Neurogenic bladder
MedGen UID:
595
Concept ID:
C0005697
Disease or Syndrome
A type of bladder dysfunction caused by neurologic damage. Neurogenic bladder can be flaccid or spastic. Common manifestatios of neurogenic bladder are overflow incontinence, frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, and retention.
Endometriosis
MedGen UID:
8620
Concept ID:
C0014175
Disease or Syndrome
The growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus.
Recurrent urinary tract infections
MedGen UID:
120466
Concept ID:
C0262655
Disease or Syndrome
Repeated infections of the urinary tract.
Perineal fistula
MedGen UID:
107555
Concept ID:
C0561921
Anatomical Abnormality
The presence of a fistula between the bowel and the perineum.
Imperforate anus
MedGen UID:
1997
Concept ID:
C0003466
Congenital Abnormality
Congenital absence of the anus, i.e., the opening at the bottom end of the intestinal tract.
Hearing impairment
MedGen UID:
235586
Concept ID:
C1384666
Disease or Syndrome
A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.
Photophobia
MedGen UID:
43220
Concept ID:
C0085636
Sign or Symptom
Excessive sensitivity to light with the sensation of discomfort or pain in the eyes due to exposure to bright light.
Global developmental delay
MedGen UID:
107838
Concept ID:
C0557874
Finding
A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.
Epistaxis
MedGen UID:
4996
Concept ID:
C0014591
Pathologic Function
Epistaxis, or nosebleed, refers to a hemorrhage localized in the nose.
Prolonged bleeding time
MedGen UID:
56231
Concept ID:
C0151529
Finding
Prolongation of the time taken for a standardized skin cut of fixed depth and length to stop bleeding.
Absent platelet dense granules
MedGen UID:
349276
Concept ID:
C1859918
Finding
Lack of platelet dense granules, a type of platelet organelles.
Impaired arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation
MedGen UID:
868750
Concept ID:
C4023155
Pathologic Function
Abnormal response to arachidonic acid as manifested by reduced or lacking aggregation of platelets upon addition of arachidonic acid.
Impaired collagen-induced platelet aggregation
MedGen UID:
870264
Concept ID:
C4024703
Finding
Abnormal response to collagen or collagen-mimetics as manifested by reduced or lacking aggregation of platelets upon addition collagen or collagen-mimetics.
Impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation
MedGen UID:
870824
Concept ID:
C4025282
Finding
Abnormal platelet response to ADP as manifested by reduced or lacking aggregation of platelets upon addition of ADP.
Pulmonary fibrosis
MedGen UID:
11028
Concept ID:
C0034069
Disease or Syndrome
Replacement of normal lung tissues by fibroblasts and collagen.
Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections
MedGen UID:
154380
Concept ID:
C0581381
Disease or Syndrome
An increased susceptibility to upper respiratory tract infections as manifested by a history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (running ears - otitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis).
Albinism
MedGen UID:
182
Concept ID:
C0001916
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormal reduction in the amount of pigmentation (reduced or absent) of skin, hair and eye (iris and retina).
Ecchymosis
MedGen UID:
8524
Concept ID:
C0013491
Finding
A purpuric lesion that is larger than 1 cm in diameter.
Hypopigmentation of the skin
MedGen UID:
102477
Concept ID:
C0162835
Disease or Syndrome
A reduction of skin color related to a decrease in melanin production and deposition.
Bruising susceptibility
MedGen UID:
140849
Concept ID:
C0423798
Finding
An ecchymosis (bruise) refers to the skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to bruising. The corresponding phenotypic abnormality is generally elicited on medical history as a report of frequent ecchymoses or bruising without adequate trauma.
Partial albinism
MedGen UID:
1847660
Concept ID:
C5848166
Congenital Abnormality
Absence of melanin pigment in various areas, which is found at birth and is permanent. The lesions are known as leucoderma and are often found on the face, trunk, or limbs.
Single umbilical artery
MedGen UID:
278026
Concept ID:
C1384670
Congenital Abnormality
Single umbilical artery (SUA) is the absence of one of the two umbilical arteries surrounding the fetal bladder and in the fetal umbilical cord.
Amblyopia
MedGen UID:
8009
Concept ID:
C0002418
Disease or Syndrome
Reduced visual acuity that is uncorrectable by lenses in the absence of detectable anatomic defects in the eye or visual pathways.
Nystagmus
MedGen UID:
45166
Concept ID:
C0028738
Disease or Syndrome
Rhythmic, involuntary oscillations of one or both eyes related to abnormality in fixation, conjugate gaze, or vestibular mechanisms.
Strabismus
MedGen UID:
21337
Concept ID:
C0038379
Disease or Syndrome
A misalignment of the eyes so that the visual axes deviate from bifoveal fixation. The classification of strabismus may be based on a number of features including the relative position of the eyes, whether the deviation is latent or manifest, intermittent or constant, concomitant or otherwise and according to the age of onset and the relevance of any associated refractive error.
Ocular albinism
MedGen UID:
38147
Concept ID:
C0078917
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormal reduction in the amount of pigmentation (reduced or absent) of the iris and retina.
Reduced visual acuity
MedGen UID:
65889
Concept ID:
C0234632
Finding
Diminished clarity of vision.
Rotary nystagmus
MedGen UID:
116106
Concept ID:
C0240595
Disease or Syndrome
A form of nystagmus in which the eyeball makes rotary motions around the axis.
Horizontal nystagmus
MedGen UID:
124399
Concept ID:
C0271385
Disease or Syndrome
Nystagmus consisting of horizontal to-and-fro eye movements.
Absent foveal reflex
MedGen UID:
602333
Concept ID:
C0423420
Finding
Lack of the foveal reflex, which normally occurs as a result of the reflection of light from the ophthalmoscope in the foveal pit upon examination. The foveal reflex is a bright pinpoint of light that is observed to move sideways or up and down in response to movement of the opthalmoscope.
Iris transillumination defect
MedGen UID:
786045
Concept ID:
C1096099
Anatomical Abnormality
Transmission of light through the iris as visualized upon slit lamp examination or infrared iris transillumination videography. The light passes through defects in the pigmentation of the iris.
Macular hypoplasia
MedGen UID:
340322
Concept ID:
C1849412
Finding
Underdevelopment of the macula lutea.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Ma YJ, Zhang Q, Wang CX, Wu W
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022 Nov;26(22):8411-8424. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30377. PMID: 36459024
Torres-Serrant M, Ramirez SI, Cadilla CL, Ramos-Valencia G, Santiago-Borrero PJ
J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2010 Aug;32(6):448-53. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181e5e1f1. PMID: 20562649Free PMC Article
Badolato R, Fontana S, Notarangelo LD, Savoldi G
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2004 Dec;4(6):513-21. doi: 10.1097/00130832-200412000-00007. PMID: 15640692

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Clinical prediction guides

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