U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Citing RefSeq

When using the RefSeq database, please cite one of the following:

  1. O'Leary NA, Wright MW, Brister JR, Ciufo S, Haddad D, McVeigh R, Rajput B, Robbertse B, Smith-White B, Ako-Adjei D, Astashyn A, Badretdin A, Bao Y, Blinkova O, Brover V, Chetvernin V, Choi J, Cox E, Ermolaeva O, Farrell CM, Goldfarb T, Gupta T, Haft D, Hatcher E, Hlavina W, Joardar VS, Kodali VK, Li W, Maglott D, Masterson P, McGarvey KM, Murphy MR, O'Neill K, Pujar S, Rangwala SH, Rausch D, Riddick LD, Schoch C, Shkeda A, Storz SS, Sun H, Thibaud-Nissen F, Tolstoy I, Tully RE, Vatsan AR, Wallin C, Webb D, Wu W, Landrum MJ, Kimchi A, Tatusova T, DiCuccio M, Kitts P, Murphy TD, Pruitt KD. Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Jan 4;44(D1):D733-45 PubMed PubMedCentral
  2. Tatusova T, DiCuccio M, Badretdin A, Chetvernin V, Nawrocki EP, Zaslavsky L, Lomsadze A, Pruitt KD, Borodovsky M, Ostell J. NCBI prokaryotic genome annotation pipeline. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Aug 19;44(14):6614-24 PubMed PubMedCentral
  3. Brister JR, Ako-Adjei D, Bao Y, Blinkova O. NCBI viral genomes resource. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jan;43(Database issue):D571-7 PubMed PubMedCentral

RefSeq Publications

RefSeq Bibliography

The following publications by NCBI staff describe aspects of the RefSeq collection or process flows.

  1. Li W, O’Neill KR, Haft DH, DiCuccio M, Chetvernin V, Badretdin A, Coulouris G, Chitsaz F, Derbyshire MK, Durkin AS, Gonzales NR, Gwadz M, Lanczycki CJ, Song JS, Thanki N, Wang J, Yamashita RA, Yang M, Zheng C, Marchler-Bauer A, Thibaud-Nissen F. RefSeq: expanding the Prokaryotic Genome Annotation Pipeline reach with protein family model curation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2021 Jan 8; 49(D1): D1020–8. PubMed PubMedCentral

  2. Daniel H Haft DH, DiCuccio M, Badretdin A, Brover V, Chetvernin V, O’Neill K, Li W, Chitsaz F, Derbyshire MK, Gonzales NR, Gwadz M, Lu F, Marchler GH, Song JS, Thanki N, Yamashita RA, Zheng C, Thibaud-Nissen F, Geer LY, Marchler-Bauer A, Pruitt KD. RefSeq: an update on prokaryotic genome annotation and curation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4; 46(Database issue): D851–60 PubMed PubMedCentral

  3. Tatusova T, DiCuccio M, Badretdin A, Chetvernin V, Nawrocki EP, Zaslavsky L, Lomsadze A, Pruitt KD, Borodovsky M, Ostell J. NCBI prokaryotic genome annotation pipeline. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Aug 19;44(14):6614-24 PubMed PubMedCentral

  4. O'Leary NA, Wright MW, Brister JR, Ciufo S, Haddad D, McVeigh R, Rajput B, Robbertse B, Smith-White B, Ako-Adjei D, Astashyn A, Badretdin A, Bao Y, Blinkova O, Brover V, Chetvernin V, Choi J, Cox E, Ermolaeva O, Farrell CM, Goldfarb T, Gupta T, Haft D, Hatcher E, Hlavina W, Joardar VS, Kodali VK, Li W, Maglott D, Masterson P, McGarvey KM, Murphy MR, O'Neill K, Pujar S, Rangwala SH, Rausch D, Riddick LD, Schoch C, Shkeda A, Storz SS, Sun H, Thibaud-Nissen F, Tolstoy I, Tully RE, Vatsan AR, Wallin C, Webb D, Wu W, Landrum MJ, Kimchi A, Tatusova T, DiCuccio M, Kitts P, Murphy TD, Pruitt KD. Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Jan 4;44(D1):D733-45 PubMed PubMedCentral

  5. McGarvey KM, Goldfarb T, Cox E, Farrell CM, Gupta T, Joardar VS, Kodali VK, Murphy MR, O'Leary NA, Pujar S, Rajput B, Rangwala SH, Riddick LD, Webb D, Wright MW, Murphy TD, Pruitt KD. Mouse genome annotation by the RefSeq project. Mamm Genome. 2015 Oct;26(9-10):379-90 PubMed PubMedCentral

  6. Rajput B, Murphy TD, Pruitt KD. RefSeq curation and annotation of antizyme and antizyme inhibitor genes in vertebrates. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Sep 3;43(15):7270-9 PubMed PubMedCentral

  7. Brister JR, Ako-Adjei D, Bao Y, Blinkova O. NCBI viral genomes resource. Nucleic Acids Res. 2015 Jan;43(Database issue):D571-7 PubMed PubMedCentral

  8. Tatusova T, Ciufo S, Federhen S, Fedorov B, McVeigh R, O'Neill K, Tolstoy I, Zaslavsky L. Update on RefSeq microbial genomes resources. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 43(1)D599-605 PubMed PubMedCentral

  9. Tatusova T, Ciufo S, Fedorov B, O'Neill K, Tolstoy I. RefSeq microbial genomes database: new representation and annotation strategy. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 42(1):D553-9 PubMed PubMedCentral

  10. Pruitt KD, Brown GR, Hiatt SM, Thibaud-Nissen F, Astashyn A, Ermolaeva O, Farrell CM, Hart J, Landrum MJ, McGarvey KM, Murphy MR, O'Leary NA, Pujar S, Rajput B, Rangwala SH, Riddick LD, Shkeda A, Sun H, Tamez P, Tully RE, Wallin C, Webb D, Weber J, Wu W, Dicuccio M, Kitts P, Maglott DR, Murphy TD, Ostell JM. RefSeq: an update on mammalian reference sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Jan 1;42(1):D756-63 PubMed PubMedCentral

  11. Fong JH, Murphy TD, Pruitt KD. Comparison of RefSeq protein-coding regions in human and vertebrate genomes. BMC Genomics. 2013 Sep 25;14:654. PubMed PubMedCentral

  12. Pruitt KD, Tatusova T, Brown GR, Maglott DR. NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq): current status, new features and genome annotation policy. Nucleic Acids Res. 2012 Jan;40(Database issue):D130-5. PubMed PubMedCentral

  13. Robbertse B, Tatusova T. Fungal genome resources at NCBI . Mycology. 2011 Sep;2(3):142-160. PubMed PubMed Central

  14. Pruitt KD, Tatusova T, Klimke W, Maglott DR. NCBI Reference Sequences: current status, policy and new initiatives. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D32-6. PubMed PubMedCentral

  15. Klimke W, Agarwala R, Badretdin A, Chetvernin S, Ciufo S, Fedorov B, Kiryutin B, O'Neill K, Resch W, Resenchuk S, Schafer S, Tolstoy I, Tatusova T. The National Center for Biotechnology Information's Protein Clusters Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009 Jan;37(Database issue):D216-23. PubMed PubMedCentral

  16. Bao Y, Bolotov P, Dernovoy D, Kiryutin B, Tatusova T. FLAN: a web server for influenza virus genome annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jul; 35(Web Server issue):W280-4. Epub 2007 Jun1 1. PubMed PubMedCentral

  17. Tatusova, T. GenBank, RefSeq, TPA and UniProt: What's in a Name? Microbe Magazine May, 2007, Letters NCBI Handbook

  18. Maglott D, Ostell J, Pruitt KD, Tatusova T. Entrez Gene: gene-centered information at NCBI. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jan;35(Database issue):D26-31. Epub 2006 Dec 5. PubMed PubMed Central

  19. Pruitt KD, Tatusova T, Maglott DR. NCBI reference sequences (RefSeq): a curated non-redundant sequence database of genomes, transcripts and proteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jan;35(Database issue):D61-5. Epub 2006 Nov 27. PubMed PubMed Central

  20. Maglott D, Ostell J, Pruitt KD, Tatusova T. Entrez Gene: gene-centered information at NCBI. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jan 1;33(Database issue):D54-8. PubMed PubMed Central

  21. Pruitt KD, Tatusova T, Maglott DR. NCBI Reference Sequence (RefSeq): a curated non-redundant sequence database of genomes, transcripts and proteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 2005 Jan 1;33(Database issue):D501-4. PubMed PubMed Central

  22. Bao Y, Federhen S, Leipe D, Pham V, Resenchuk S, Rozanov M, Tatusov R, Tatusova T. National center for biotechnology information viral genomes project. J Virol. 2004 Jul;78(14):7291-8. No abstract available. PubMed PubMed Central

  23. Mills R, Rozanov M, Lomsadze A, Tatusova T, Borodovsky M. Improving gene annotation of complete viral genomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Dec 1;31(23):7041-55. PubMed PubMed Central

  24. Pruitt KD, Tatusova T, Maglott DR. NCBI Reference Sequence project: update and current status. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jan 1;31(1):34-7. PubMed PubMed Central

  25. Feolo M, Helmberg W, Sherry S, Maglott DR. NCBI genetic resources supporting immunogenetic research. Rev Immunogenet. 2000;2(4):461-7. Review. PubMed

  26. Pruitt KD, Katz KS, Sicotte H, Maglott DR. Introducing RefSeq and LocusLink: curated human genome resources at the NCBI. Trends Genet. 2000 Jan;16(1):44-7. No abstract available. PubMed

  27. Pruitt KD, Maglott DR. RefSeq and LocusLink: NCBI gene-centered resources. Nucleic Acids Res. 2001 Jan 1;29(1):137-40. PubMed PubMed Central

  28. Maglott DR, Katz KS, Sicotte H, Pruitt KD. NCBI's LocusLink and RefSeq. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):126-8. PubMed PubMed Central

  29. Tatusova TA, Karsch-Mizrachi I, Ostell JA. Complete genomes in WWW Entrez: data representation and analysis. Bioinformatics. 1999 Jul-Aug;15(7-8):536-43 PubMed

Last updated: 2022-05-05T16:33:18Z